- refrigeration engineering (refrigeration engineering)Ultimately, all works using refrigeration technology to control the temperature.
- Cold room engineeringOne of the refrigeration engineering is the construction of low-temperate storage space with ininsulated panels, in conjunction with the refrigeration system, including chilled room, freezer room, walk-in cold room and cold storage facility.
- refrigerated warehouse engineeringIt is a large-scale cold room project for logistics, wholesale and import and export.
- insulation workIt is a basic component of the cold room works, responsible for ininsulated panels, cold room gate and floorthermal insulation.
- Four are not substitutes, but complement one another. A complete cold room project usually involves thermal insulation and refrigeration.
Relationship to the four major projects: a map
Many people asked about the mixing of ininsulation work, refrigeration engineering, refrigerated warehouse works and cold room works. In fact, the four were embracing the tungsten and chicken composition, rather than four different types of work:
- Cold room engineeringLow temperature storage space
- chilled room/cold storage facility (save at 0°C and above)
- freezer room/walk-in cold room (zero frozen)
- Eagle Rock (some - 30°C or below)
- refrigerated warehouse engineering: Large logistics and wholesale refrigerated warehouse
- Windhoek (e.g.,wine cellar)
- Other refrigeration applications: commercial cadmium, street ice, refrigeration equipment, etc.
Simple: oneCold room engineering=insulation work (protection of cooling) +refrigeration engineering (production of cold gas)+ Electricity and Control System. The refrigerated warehouse works are the same rationale and applied to more large-scale, high-frequency warehouses.
General comparison of four works
| Comparative projects | insulation work | refrigeration engineering | Cold room engineering | refrigerated warehouse engineering |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Definitions | thermal insulation materials less heat transfer | All projects using refrigeration technology to control temperatures are collectively described | Construction of low temperature storage space | Large logistics and wholesale refrigerated warehouse |
| Scope | Components of cold room | The broadest | Type refrigeration engineering | Type of cold room engineering |
| Rate | Based on cold room needs | No limit | From approximately +16°C to about -30°C or below | Common refrigeration and refrigeration areas by sub-division of goods |
| Size | By treasury area | No limit | Smallwalk-in cold room to large cold room | Medium to large |
| Core elements | insulated panels, cold room gate, floorthermal insulation, seal | compressors, refrigerators, flashers, hairs | thermal insulation system + refrigeration system + power control | Same-cold room plus fast gates, subsectors, monitoring |
| Common clients | Clients with new or improved cold room | Each industry | Restaurants, bars, streets, foodstuffs, pharmaceutical stores | Logistics companies, wholesaleers, importers and exporters |
| Design focus | Materials, thickness, tide, heat bridge | Refrigeration, cosmetics, energy efficiency | Temperature, size, mode of use | Access process, forklift access, floor bearing |
| Related services | insulation work | Refrigeration rationale | Cold room | refrigerated warehouse engineering |
Cold room, chilled room,freezer room, walk-in cold room, cold storage facility, refrigerated warehouse
There are many different fingerprints for cold room in Hong Kong. The following is the general usage of industry, and the actual temperature is determined according to the requirements of the goods:
| Call law | General temperature | Common uses | Related services |
|---|---|---|---|
| chilled room | Approximately 0°C to +10°C | apples, dairy products, beverages, flowers | chilled room engineering |
| cold storage facility | Approximately 0°C to +10°C | Pharmaceuticals, medical material, food security | Cold Storage Facilities |
| freezer room | Approximately -18°C to -25°C | Unfrozen meat, seafood, emergency food | freezer room engineering |
| walk-in cold room | Refrigeration or refrigeration | Cold room in cafeteria, bar buildings, streets and shops | walk-in cold room engineering |
| Emergencies | Approximately - 30°C or below | Rapid unfrozen food | Cold room |
| refrigerated warehouse/refrigerated warehouse | By cargo subdivision | Logistics, wholesale, import and export | refrigerated warehouse engineering |
| wine cellar | General +12°C to +16°C | Infrared storage, wet temperature control | wine cellar engineering |
insulation work detailed
Insulation work is a cobalt crust in cold room, responsible for preventing external heat and water vapour from entering cold room. Thermal insulation was good, with the refrigeration unit operating shortened and electricity and air damage reduced.
Insulation work includes what?
- Cuinsulated panels: Wheeled and antenna, generally using polyurethane (PU) or plutonium acetic acid (PIR) hotinsulated panels
- cold room gate: Gateways, pushers or fast gates, freezer room boxes are usually equipped with frozen heat
- floorthermal insulation: Freezer room and refrigerated warehouses need to be floorthermal insulation and protection against unfrozen floor inflation, as appropriate
- seals and receipts: Cricket, transciplining, sealing of tube walls and reduction of hot bridges
- Roadthermal insulationrefrigerant pipes thermal insulation, reduced cool loss and concrete water
Common cold roomthermal insulation materials
| Materials | General guidance heat coefficient (reference) | cold room applications |
|---|---|---|
| Polymer (PU) | Approximately 0.022–0.026 W/m K | Cold room axisinsulated panels mainstream selection, closed structure, tide |
| Polymonium nitrate (PIR) | Approximately 0.022–0.025 W/m K | Thermal insulation performance is close to PU, and fire resistance is generally better |
| Digested polystyrene (XPS) | Approximately 0.029–0.035 W/m K | Low inhalation rate, pressure resistant to floorthermal insulation |
| Mineral cotton/ glass fibres | Approximately 0.032–0.045 W/m K | Fibrous structure, reduced post-humidity performance and generally not recommended for use in cold room pools |
insulated panels general reference
| cold room type | General PU insulated panels thickness |
|---|---|
| chilled room/cold storage facility (0°C above) | Approximately 75mm to 100 mm |
| freezer room/walk-in cold room (approximately -18°C to -25°C) | Approximately 100 mm to 150 mm |
| Eagle Rock (some - 30°C or below) | Approximately 150mm to 200 mm |
The thickness of the refrigerated warehouse ' s ininsulated cells also depends on the target temperatures of each sector, rather than on the warehouse area.
refrigeration engineering (refrigeration engineering)
At the core of refrigeration engineering is a gas compression refrigerator circulatory: refrigerant (refrigerants) recycled within the system, heat in cold room and dispersed outdoor heat.
Four main components of the refrigeration cycle
| Component | Position | Role |
|---|---|---|
| compressors | Outdoor refrigeration unit | Accommodating low pressure refrigerant gas to high temperature pressure gases, promoting the whole cycle |
| Concrete | Outdoor refrigeration unit | refrigerant is cooled into liquid by gas. |
| Inflation | refrigerant pipeline | Reduction of refrigerant pressure and control of flows into hairers |
| Sprayer (refrigerator) | cold room | refrigerant evaporation absorbents of inner heat and winds were transported to various parts of the bank |
Cyanide system
The evaporation is operating in low temperatures, and it is expected that the refrigeration efficiency will be phased out, so that cold room needs to be customized. Common approaches include:
- Naturalized plutonium (space): Cessation of refrigeration, natural melting of plutonium and more chilled room at or above 0°C
- Electrical thermal pumps: Electrical hot tube heaters, often infreezer room and walk-in cold room
- Heat gas furnaces: Use of compressor-generated heat gas plutonium, more visible in larger systems
Miscontaining of the nitrogen cycle would lead to an increase in refrigeration or electricity consumption by rollers, which is alsocold room maintenanceSignificant inspection projects.
How does the refrigerant determine?
The size of the refrigeration unit is calculated on the total heat burden of cold room, including, inter alia:
- Heat infiltrated by insulated panels, floors and cold room door
- Temperature and daily arrivals at the time when the goods enter the bank
- Heat air and wet gas brought into gates
- Heat from equipment such as fluorescent lighting, personnel and forklifts
- Heat generated by evaporation and nitrogen
The amount of refrigeration is too small and the cold room will be moderated and volatile; The refrigeration unit was too often stalled to waste energy and increase grinding. It is therefore imperative thatcold room designAccurate calculation of the phase.
Cold room engineering details
The cold room works integrate insulation work, refrigeration engineering and power control into a complete low-temperature storage space.
Cold room engineering includes processes
- Needs assessment:Information on the storage of goods, target temperatures, stock levels and frequency of entry and exit.
- Visits:The size, floor and the location of the floor, electricity and refrigeration unit were checked.
- Design and offer:Determine the thickness of panels, cold room door, refrigeration and control systems.
- insulation work:Processing of floors, repackaging the panels and cold room gates.
- refrigeration engineering:Installation of refrigeration unit, rollers and refrigerant pipe.
- Electricity and control:Receptive power sources, temperature controllers, nitrogen control and security devices.
- Tested for delivery:Pressure testing, vacuum, refrigerant and temperature tests were conducted.
For a detailed process seeThe Cold Room Installation Process。
Common applications for cold room engineering
Catering
Brewery, restaurants and central kitchenswalk-in cold roomand freezer room.
Food industry
Unfrozen meat, seafood and food processingfreezer room。
Medical
Medical storescold storage facilityThe temperature record is valued.
Retail industry
chilled room and ice cadmium in supermarkets, neighbourhoods and shops.
refrigerated warehouse details
refrigerated warehouse works (refrigerated warehouse works) are large cold room works, often in logistics companies, wholesalers, importers and large pharmaceutical stores. Compared with the general cold room, refrigerated warehouse places a greater emphasis on operational efficiency.
refrigerated warehouse engineering and general cold room, respectively
| Item | Generalcold room | refrigerated warehouse |
|---|---|---|
| Size | Small to medium | Medium to large |
| Access | Hand-held | Forklift and cargo plates, frequent access |
| cold room door | Bringing or pushing door | Multiple gates, winds, or loading and unloading areas |
| Wind areas | Single or two temperate zones | Multi-windling area management |
| floor | thermal insulation and protection | Forklift and cargo loads also need to be considered |
| Refrigeration system | Single or small refrigeration unit | Consideration could be given to multiple groups of refrigeration unit co-financing |
| Monitoring | Wind controllers | Multi-point temperature monitoring, recording and warning |
Refrigerated warehouse planning, for further informationFull guidance for refrigerated warehouse engineering in Hong Kongandrefrigerated warehouse project value comparison guide for Hong Kong。
By size: small, medium-sized and large projects
| Size | Common landscape | Design focus |
|---|---|---|
| Small | Cafeteria walk-in cold room, street slots, restaurants, small chilled room | Flexible space, refrigeration unit location, power load, building load |
| Medium | Alcohol building central kitchen, food processing plant, pharmaceutical cold storage facility | Multi-temperature zone, temperature record, access line |
| Large | Logisticsrefrigerated warehouse, wholesale refrigerated warehouse, large pharmaceutical store | Rapid gate, forklift route, floor load, refrigeration assistance, multi-point monitoring |
The cold room price will vary greatly by size, temperature, thermal insulation specifications, refrigeration unit, cold room door and construction conditions, which must be checked for accurate bids. Factors affecting money can be consultedCold room price impact factor。
What kind of work I need?
| Your situation | Work required |
|---|---|
| New restaurants need to be stored | walk-in cold room engineering(thermal insulation + refrigeration + electricity) |
| Storage of fruits, dairy products | chilled room engineering |
| Storage of frozen meat, seafood | freezer room engineeringand reservationsfreezer room licence |
| Logistics companies need large refrigerated warehouse | refrigerated warehouse engineering |
| Pharmaceutical requirements | Cold Storage Facilities |
| Current cold room outer walls, door boxes | insulation workImprovement |
| Existing cold room is not unfrozen | Reasons for prior examination, decisionCold Room Repairsorthermal insulation improvement |
| Cold room is functioning properly to extend life expectancy | Regular cold room maintenance |
How can cold room engineering companies be selected?
Companies providing related services in Hong Kong may be divided into three categories:
thermal insulation specialized company
Special attention to thermal insulation and heat work, such as piphermal insulation, construction insulation. Cold room projects are usually complemented by refrigerators.
Refrigeration Electricity Company
The refrigeration engineering, which is dominated by cold gas and electrical works, has been partially performed, with much of the experience concentrated on air conditioning systems.
Cold room Engineering Company
Focused cold room, thermal insulation and refrigeration systems are capable of being designed, installed to maintain one-stop shop.
Checklist of refrigeration engineering companies selected
- Is there a concurrent familiarity with insulation work and refrigeration systems?
- Can one-stop services be provided for design, procurement, installation, inspection and maintenance?
- No relevant type of engineering case orProject galleryMay reference?
- Does the quotation clearly set out the specifications of the insulated panels, thickness, cold room door, refrigeration unit and electricity?
- Are maintenance and periodic maintenance services provided?
- Would it be carried out by a qualified person when a fixed power device is involved?
- Can maintenance support be provided in a timely manner in the event of malfunction?
The specifications should be reconciled on a case-by-case basis in the comparison of bids, rather than only the overall price. For information to be prepared prior to the offer, seeChecklist of information on bids。
Relevant Hong Kong regulations
freezer room licence
In Hong Kong, designated food is stored for commercial use in a non-freezer room and is generally subject to the application of a freezer room licence from the Food and Environment Agency. The standard licensing conditions include the need for a freezer room with fixtures capable of accurately recording temperature in the house; Where changes to the building structure or channel are concerned, an application for approval is required for supervision of construction services. For further information seeLicensing Considerations for Freezer Rooms。
Electricity engineering
Under the Hong Kong Electricity Regulations, electrical work for fixed-power installations is generally carried out by registered electric engineering staff employed by Registered Electrical Contractor. Electrical receptacles in cold room and cable works are relevant.
Building changes
If cold room works relate to building structures, outer walls (e.g. installation of outdoor wings) or conduit changes, they may be regulated by the Buildings Regulations and small engineering regulatory regimes, subject to appropriate contractors by type of work.
Common issues
Insulation work, refrigeration engineering, refrigerated warehouse works and cold room works are very different?
refrigeration engineering (refrigeration engineering) is collectively described; Cold room works are one of them, and they refer to the construction of low-temperature storage space; refrigerated warehouse works are large-scale cold room works for logistics and wholesale use; Insulation work is an integral part of cold room works, responsible for ininsulated panels, cold room gate and floorthermal insulation.
Are cold room and refrigerated warehouse very different?
The two are the same. The cold room is synonymous and can be small; refrigerated warehouses generally refer to large areas of access and frequent refrigerated warehouses, designed to pay more attention to temperature control in the subregion, rapid gates, floor loads and protection against unfrozen.
chilled room, freezer room, walk-in cold room are very different?
The industry is generally called 0°C ' or above for chilled room or cold storage facility, 18°C or refrigeration for the unfreezer room. The walk-in cold room is a commonly used call in the catering industry of Hong Kong, which refers to the intake cold room for restaurants, neighbourhoods and shops.
Can only work on insulation improve the problem of unfrozen cold room?
Reasonable reasons. Improvement of thermal insulation would be helpful if the problem arose from damage to panels, leaching cold, cold room door cap ageing or floorthermal insulation; However, the refrigerant leakage, compressors or condensers would require maintenance of the refrigeration system. The programme shall be reviewed and decided upon.
Would the Cold room engineering company be left unexpected?
It should be left to know whether the company was concurrently familiar with thermal insulation and refrigeration systems, whether one-stop services were available, whether the price was specified or not, and whether it was performed by a qualified person when it related to fixed power installations.
Summary
Insulation work, refrigeration engineering, refrigerated warehouse engineering and cold room works were not four-selection but rather collaborative relationships. refrigeration engineering is collectively referred to as cold room works, the most common of which are refrigerated warehouse works, a large-scale cold room, while insulation work is the basis for all cold room. Understanding their relationship would help you to communicate with the contractor ' s needs and make it easier to compare different programmes.
Kam Hing Engineering and Trading Co. Limited is professionally engaged in a variety of types of cold room, thermal insulation and maintenance works, including large pharmaceutical warehousing, logistics warehouses, Wine cellar and food refrigerated warehouses, and provides project design, procurement, installation, periodic inspection and maintenance of one-stop services. More:About us｜Services｜Our clients。